A comparative karyological study of Helianthemum (Cistaceae): karyotype size, karyotype symmetry and evolution of chromosome number

Sara Martín Hernanz; Rafael González Albaladejo; Encarnación Rubio Pérez; Polina Volkova; Mohamed Djamel Miara; Deniz Ulukuș; Mehmet  Sezgin; Abelardo Aparicio Martínez

doi:10.3989/ajbm.576

Autores/as

Sara Martín Hernanz Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla - Royal Botanic Gardens https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9881-9919
Rafael González Albaladejo Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0919-3545
Encarnación Rubio Pérez Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-8581
Polina Volkova Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3534-5792
Mohamed Djamel Miara Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Nutrition in Semi-arid Areas, Ibn Khaldoun University of Tiaret https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7610-5277
Deniz Ulukuș Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9627-5492
Mehmet Sezgin Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Çankırı Karatekin University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7053-0371
Abelardo Aparicio Martínez Universidad de Sevilla https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7122-4421

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.576

Palabras clave:

Cariotipo, ChromEvol, citogenética comparativa, citotaxonomía vegetal

Resumen

En este estudio analizamos el tamaño y la simetría del cariotipo de un elevado número de especies de Helianthemum y reconstruimos la evolución del número cromosómico. Para ello, analizamos metafases mitóticas de ápices radicales para obtener el número cromosómico, valores de la longitud (monoploide) total del cariotipo (THL), la fórmula cariotípica, el grado de asimetría según la clasificación de Stebbins, el coeficiente de variación intercromosómico de la longitud cromosómica (CV_CL) y la asimetría intracromosómica media (M_CA), parámetros obtenidos mediante MATO (Measurement and Analysis Tools). Encontramos que la diversificación en Helianthemum no está ligada a cambios en el número de cromosomas, el cual ha evolucionado de forma lenta y constante mediante bajas tasas de pérdida o ganancia de cromosomas. La asimetría del cariotipo es escasa y poco variable en todas las categorías taxonómicas, y existe una predominancia de cromosomas meta o submetacéntricos cuya longitud media a nivel de género es de c. 3 μm. En cambio, la longitud total del cariotipo oscila entre 16,91 y 48,84 μm y H. subg. Plectolobum posee los cariotipos de mayor longitud y simetría. Proponemos la hipótesis de que las diferencias en el tamaño del cariotipo en Helianthemum son consecuencia de reajustes cromosómicos sucedidos bajo presiones selectivas.

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Citas

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