Meliosma Blume (Sabiaceae Blume), as currently circumscribed, is distributed in Asia and the New World (Yang & al. 2018Yang T., Lu L.-M., Wang W., Li J.-H., Manchester S.T., Wen J. & Chen Z.-D. 2018. Boreotropical range expansion and long-distance dispersal explain two amphi-Pacific tropical disjunctions in Sabiaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 124: 181-191. ). The species number is not precise because there are no recent revisions for the Asian species. Ramos (2012)Ramos E. 2012. Revisão taxonômica de Sabiaceae Blume para o Neotrópico. Ph.D. dissertation, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo. recognized 81 species and two varieties from the New World, whereas Morales (2013)Morales J.F. 2013. Sinopsis del género Meliosma (Sabiaceae) en México y Centroamérica. Phytoneuron 2013-82: 1-86. estimated between 80 and 90 species, including around 15 species from Asia. Zúñiga (2015)Zúñiga J.D. 2015. Phylogenetics of Sabiaceae with Emphasis on Meliosma Based on Nuclear and Chloroplast Data Systematic Botany 40:761-775. reported around 80-100 species, including Asian taxa. Yang & al. (2018)Yang T., Lu L.-M., Wang W., Li J.-H., Manchester S.T., Wen J. & Chen Z.-D. 2018. Boreotropical range expansion and long-distance dispersal explain two amphi-Pacific tropical disjunctions in Sabiaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 124: 181-191. reported ca. 50 taxa, which is probably an underestimated number, considering the high diversity of Meliosma in the New World (e.g., Morales 2003Morales J.F. 2003. Sinopsis del género Meliosma (Sabiaceae) en Costa Rica y Panamá, con tres nuevas especies. Sida 20: 931-943. ; Arbeláez 2004Arbeláez A.L. 2004. Two new species of Meliosma (Sabiaceae) from Bolivia. Novon 14: 12-16.; Morales 2009Morales J.F. 2009. Una nueva especie y novedades nomenclaturales en el género Meliosma (Sabiaceae). Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 3: 535-540.; Ramos & Cornejo 2012Ramos E. & Cornejo X. 2012. Three new taxa of Meliosma (Sabiaceae) Neotropical Sabiaceae: Three New Species and a new variety of Meliosma. Harvard Papers in Botany 17: 283-293. ). Morales (2013)Morales J.F. 2013. Sinopsis del género Meliosma (Sabiaceae) en México y Centroamérica. Phytoneuron 2013-82: 1-86. accepted 30 species from Mexico and Central America, but M. alba (Schltdl.) Walp. is currently treated as Kingsboroughia alba (Schltdl.) Liebm., consistent with molecular phylogenetic data (Zúñiga 2015Zúñiga J.D. 2015. Phylogenetics of Sabiaceae with Emphasis on Meliosma Based on Nuclear and Chloroplast Data Systematic Botany 40:761-775.; Yang & al. 2018Yang T., Lu L.-M., Wang W., Li J.-H., Manchester S.T., Wen J. & Chen Z.-D. 2018. Boreotropical range expansion and long-distance dispersal explain two amphi-Pacific tropical disjunctions in Sabiaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 124: 181-191. ).

Gentry (1980)Gentry A.H. 1980 [1981]. Flora of Panama, Part VI. Family 109. Sabiaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 67: 949-963. made some lectotypifications in Meliosma, designating as lectotypes gatherings with more than one specimen. Morales (2013)Morales J.F. 2013. Sinopsis del género Meliosma (Sabiaceae) en México y Centroamérica. Phytoneuron 2013-82: 1-86. proposed a lectotype for Lorenzanea dentata, but omitted the specimen herbarium number. Following the Art. 9.17 of the Shenzhen Code (Turland & al. 2018Turland N.J., Wiersema J.H., Barrie F.R., Greuter W., Hawksworth D.L., Herendeen P. S., Knapp S., Kusber W.-H., Li D.-Z., Marhold K., May T.W., McNeill J., Monro A.M., Prado J., Price M.J. & Smith G.F. (eds.) 2018. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. [Regnum Vegetabile 159.] Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018 ), several second-step lectotypifications are here performed. Four additional lectotypifications are proposed.

All the type specimens cited were studied physically in the last 20 years as part of the treatment of the Sabiaceae for Costa Rica (Morales, 2015Morales J.F. 2015. Sabiaceae. In Hammel B.E., Grayum M.H., Herrera C. & Zamora N. (eds.). Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. VIII. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 131: 1-10.) and Flora Mesoamerica. Some specific details (barcode or accession number) were obtained from JSTOR (https://plants.jstor.org/) or TROPICOS (https://tropicos.org/home). Herbarium acronyms follow Thiers (2022+)Thiers B. 2022 [continuously updated]. Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Website: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ [accessed:1 June 2022]. The author’s citation follow Brummit & Powell (1992)Brummitt, R.K., & Powell, C.E. 1992. Authors of Plant Names. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens. and IPNI (https://www.ipni.org). Lectotypifications are proposed in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Turland & al. 2018Turland N.J., Wiersema J.H., Barrie F.R., Greuter W., Hawksworth D.L., Herendeen P. S., Knapp S., Kusber W.-H., Li D.-Z., Marhold K., May T.W., McNeill J., Monro A.M., Prado J., Price M.J. & Smith G.F. (eds.) 2018. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. [Regnum Vegetabile 159.] Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018 ). Journals and books citations follow Lawrence & al. (1968)Lawrence G.H.M., Günther Buchheim A.F., Daniels G.S. & Dolezal H. (eds.) 1968. B-P-H: Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum. Hunt Institute for botanical documentation, Pittsburg., Bridson (1991Bridson G.D.R. (ed.) 1991. B-P-H/S: Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum/Supplementum. Hunt Institute for botanical documentation, Pittsburg., 2004)Bridson G.D.R. (ed.) 2004. BPH-2: Periodicals with Botanical Content. Vols. 1-2. Hunt Institute for botanical documentation, Pittsburg., and Stafleu & Cowan (1976-1988)Stafleu RA. & Cowan R.S. 1976-1988. Taxonomic Literature: A Selective Guide to Botanical Publications and Collections with Dates, Commentaries and Types ed. 2. Vols. 94, 98, 105, 110, 112, 115-116. Utrech, Amberes, La Haya and Boston.. Specimens from the following herbaria were studied: B, BIGU, BM, BR, C, CAS, CGE, COL, CR, DUKE, EAP, F, G, GH, HUA, HUCO, HUQ, ICESI, JAUM, K, L, LAGU, M, MA, MEDEL, MEXU, MHES, MO, NY, O, P, PMA, Q, QAME, QAP, QCA, QCNE, QPLS, S, STRI, TEFH, TRIN, U, UBT, US, USF, USJ, UVAL, W, WAG, WU, WIS, Z, and VEN. More than 1,000 specimens and 35 type specimens were examined.

Meliosma dentata (Liebm.) Urban, Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 13: 212 (Urban 1895Urban I. 1895. Über die Sabiaceengattung Meliosma. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 13: 211-222.). Lorenzanea dentata Liebm., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn 1850: 70 (Liebmann 1850Liebmann F.M. 1850. Bidrag til Meliosmeernes Familie. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjøbenhavn 1850: 65-73.). Type: Mexico, Oaxaca, volcán de Orizaba, Cuesta de la Choapa, 1841, fl., fr., C. Liebmann 1996 (lectotype, first-step, designated by Morales (2013: 24)Morales J.F. 2013. Sinopsis del género Meliosma (Sabiaceae) en México y Centroamérica. Phytoneuron 2013-82: 1-86.: C; lectotype, second-step, here designated: C [C10018513, photo F neg. 22054]; isolectotypes: C [C10018514, C10024343, C10024344], F [F0076107F], M [M0211728], US [03361375]).

Comments.-There are four duplicates of the type of Lorenzanea dentata at the herbarium of the University of Copenhagen (C). The specimen C10018513 of the gathering Liebmann 1996 is here selected as lectotype of this name because it is the most suitable specimen among the located specimens from the original material cited in the protologue. The two located specimens of the gathering Liebmann 1997 are well-preserved, with good flowers and inflorescences. The one with the barcode C10024339 is selected as the lectotype because it is the best preserved.

Meliosma donnellsmithii Urb., Bot. Gaz. 37: 214 (Smith 1904Smith J.D. 1904. Undescribed plants from Guatemala and other Central American Republics XXV. Botanical Gazette 37: 208-214. ). Type: Costa Rica, Cartago, río Turrialba, 500 m, Mar. 1896. fl., J.D. Smith 6852 (lectotype, first-step, designated by Gentry (1980: 954)Gentry A.H. 1980 [1981]. Flora of Panama, Part VI. Family 109. Sabiaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 67: 949-963.: US; lectotype, second-step, here designated: US [US00094253]; isolectotypes: GH [GH00589327], K [K000601665], M [M0146988], MO [MO-260894], NY [NY00387437], US [US00094252]).

Comments.-Two specimens of the gathering D. Smith 6852, referred by Gentry (1980)Gentry A.H. 1980 [1981]. Flora of Panama, Part VI. Family 109. Sabiaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 67: 949-963. as a lectotype of M. donnellsmithii Urb., are housed at the United States National Herbarium (US) and are well-preserved. The specimen US00094253 is selected as a second-step lectotype because, unlike specimen US00094252, it has a complete inflorescence.

Meliosma glabrata (Liebm.) Urb., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 13: 212 (Urban 1895Urban I. 1895. Über die Sabiaceengattung Meliosma. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 13: 211-222.). Lorenzanea glabrata Liebm., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn 1850: 71 (Liebmann 1850Liebmann F.M. 1850. Bidrag til Meliosmeernes Familie. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjøbenhavn 1850: 65-73.). Type: Costa Rica, Cartago, near Turrialba, May 1847, fl., C. Oersted 1999 (lectotype, first-step, designated by Gentry (1980: 956)Gentry A.H. 1980 [1981]. Flora of Panama, Part VI. Family 109. Sabiaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 67: 949-963.: F; lectotype, second-step, here designated: F [F0076108F]; isolectotypes: B (destroyed, photo F neg. 13373), C [C10024023, C10024024, C10024025], F).

Comments.-Gentry (1980: 956)Gentry A.H. 1980 [1981]. Flora of Panama, Part VI. Family 109. Sabiaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 67: 949-963.: made a first-step lectotypification of Lorenzanea glabrata Liebm. citing as the “type” the gathering Oersted 1999 kept at F. The specimen F0076108F is designated here as the lectotype because is the the best preserved. Three specimens of the gathering have been located: Oersted 1999b at C, selected by Morales (2013)Morales J.F. 2013. Sinopsis del género Meliosma (Sabiaceae) en México y Centroamérica. Phytoneuron 2013-82: 1-86. as a first-step lectotype for Lorenzanea ira Liebm. (incorrectly cited as consisting of two sheets). The specimen C10024342 is selected here as a second-step lectotype because it is the best preserved; it also has a complete infructescence and some loose fruits. Similarly, Gentry (1980)Gentry A.H. 1980 [1981]. Flora of Panama, Part VI. Family 109. Sabiaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 67: 949-963. chose the gathering Tonduz 13368, housed at US, as a lectotype (first-step) for Meliosma tonduzii Donn.Sm. This gathering consists of two sheets and we here narrow that designation by choosing the best preserved specimen, US00094282, as its second-step lectotype.

Meliosma grandifolia (Liebm.) Urb., Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 13: 211 (Urban 1895Urban I. 1895. Über die Sabiaceengattung Meliosma. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 13: 211-222.). Lorenzanea grandifolia Liebm., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn 1850: 73 (Liebmann 1850Liebmann F.M. 1850. Bidrag til Meliosmeernes Familie. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjøbenhavn 1850: 65-73.). Type: Mexico, Oaxaca, Chinantla, Cuesta de Teotalcingo, Nov. 1842, st, C. Liebmann 1999c (lectotype, here designated: C [C10018516, photo F neg 22055]; isolectotypes: C [C10018517], F [F0076109F]).

Comments.-The gathering Liebmann 1999c consists of two specimens, one sterile (C10018517) and the second (C10018516) with an inflorescence without flowers or fruits. Although the specimen C10018516 lacks fertile structures, the inflorescence axis is still present, and is selected as lectotype. This sheet is available in the Field Museum type photograph collection.

Meliosma vernicosa (Liebm.) Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 47 (Grisebach 1866Grisebach A.H.R. 1866. Catalogus Plantarum Cubensium exhibens collectionem Wrightianam aliasque minores ex insula Cuba missas. Leipzig, G. Engelmann.). Lorenzanea vernicosa Liebm., Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn 1850: 72 (Liebmann 1850Liebmann F.M. 1850. Bidrag til Meliosmeernes Familie. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjøbenhavn 1850: 65-73.). Type: Costa Rica, Alajuela, Naranjo, May s.d., fl., C. Oersted s.n. [1999 d] (lectotype, here designated: C [C10024026]; isolectotypes: B [destroyed, photo F neg 13379], C [C10024027, C100240298]).

Comments.-The specimen C10024026 of the gathering Oersted s.n. [1999 d] is here selected as the lectotype of Lorenzanea vernicosa Liebm. because it is the best preserved specimen. Specimen C10024027 has immature leaves, while C10024028 has inflorescences only.