Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid

New records of Anthracoidea pseudofoetidae (Anthracoideaceae) from Russia, and Microbotryum (Microbotryaceae) from Greece and Morocco

Teodor T. Denchev — 2023-11-10

A rare smut fungus, Anthracoidea pseudofoetidae, is reported for the first time from Russia, based on a specimen from the Altai Republic. Carex enervis is a new host record for A. pseudofoetidae. Two new records for Greece, Microbotryum duriaeanum and M. moenchiae-manticae, and a new record for Morocco, Microbotryum moehringiae, are also presented. Microbotryum moehringiae is recorded for the first time from Africa. Cerastium brachypetalum subsp. roeseri is a new host record for Microbotryum duriaeanum. New molecular data are provided for these smut fungi. Updated phylogenetic trees for Anthracoidea and Microbotryum are also given.

A new species and a new synonym in Peruvian Senecio (Compositae)

Joel Calvo — 2023-11-10

The species Senecio contumazensis sp. nov. from the southern department of Cajamarca, in northwestern Peru, is described herein. It shows morphological affinities with species of the Senecio series Otopteri, especially with the Bolivian Senecio sepium. In addition, the putative endemic Senecio piurensis from northern Peru is synonymized with S. pericaulis, a species previously described from southern Ecuador. Discussions on the morphology of these species, illustrations, and a distribution map are provided.

Displacement of the habitat of the macrolichens of the montane forest under a global warming scenario in the northeastern Venezuelan Andes

Vicente Marcano — 2023-12-30

In order to quantify the risks of total and local habitats loss of the Andean lichens due to the global warming projected for the end of the century and the associated upward migration, we carried out lichenological collections in the undergrowth forest at the National Park Sierra Nevada de Merida, Venezuela. We focus on an elevation gradient from the montane forest (2100–3000 m). A total of 1200 individuals, 401 lichenological samples, 38 genera and 145 species were registered; 94 species from the low montane forest and 90 species from the high montane forest. For the purpose of demonstrating the representativeness of the sampling, performance of non-parametric estimators Chao 1 and 2, Jacknife 1 and 2 was evaluated. Assuming a projected temperature increase of 4°C by the end of the century, lichen taxa would require an upward displacement of near 725 m a.s.l for maintain its habitat. The results indicate a total of 56.86% species would be threatened of disappearing by habitat loss having an increase ≤ 0.5°C; 69.60% species will lose its habitat having thermal increase ≤ 1°C; 92.15% species will lose its habitat having thermal increase ≤ 4°C whereas 11% (endemic) species will lose its total habitat having thermal increase ≤ 1°C. Risk of massive disappearance in all the scenarios would be expected.

Cyclotella alvarniensis (Stephanodiscaceae): Modern or fossil diatom?

Guillermo Quevedo-Ortiz — 2023-11-10

Cyclotella alvarniensis is considered a fossil species of diatom from the Upper Miocene. The occurrence of this species is usually associated with the proximity of diatomite exploitation areas. Frustules have been found in some regions of Spain (Murcia-Albacete), France, Switzerland, and recently in Senegal. However, the causes of their aerial dispersal and their geographical distribution are not clear. During a diatom monitoring and dispersal study carried out in the Sant Llorenç del Munt i l’Obac Natural Park (Barcelona, Spain), we recorded the presence of C. alvarniensis frustules for the first time in Catalonia. Specifically, they were found in four different types of substrates: on running water biofilm, artificial pools or mesocosms, natural disconnected pools and rehydrated dry sediments. Given the forms of occurrence of C. alvarniensis in our samples and the absence of nearby diatomite deposits, we discuss the possibility that it is also an extant species in freshwater diatom communities.