The algae names and collection of the Spanish Phycologist Pedro

Izquierdo, J.L. & Pando, F. 2017. The algae names and collection of the Spanish Phycologist Pedro González Guerrero. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 74(1): e047. In this paper we collect the 103 algae names published by the Spanish phycologist Pedro González Guerrero during his life-long study of algae at the Royal Botanic Garden of Madrid. Names are presented with specific information to facilitate the typification of these names in the future, since P. González only used small illustrations as type elements when describing new infrageneric taxa. We also review here the status of this collection, which has been restored and databased in the process. The collection currently comprises over 2150 specimens, a fraction of what it was a much larger one.


INTRODUCTION
Pedro González Guerrero (1902Guerrero ( -1984) ) was a very active phycologist, and the first Spanish botanist who studied freshwater algae and estuaries.He co llected systematically and extensively continental algae in the Iberian Peninsula, as well as in other countries -Morocco, Argentina, Norway, and Greece-.González Guerrero published 86 scientific works (Álvarez-Cobelas & Gallardo, 1985), and proposed 103 new taxa: 5 genera, 74 species, 22 varieties, and 2 forms (González Guerrero, 1929Guerrero, -1965)).He carried out most of his research at the Royal Botanic Garden of Madrid between 1923 and1974, where he was head of the Sección de Ficología from 1952to 1969(Álvarez-Cobelas & Gallardo, 1985).The algae collection contained in the herbarium of this institution -MA-largely reflects the investigations conducted by González Guerrero.His work is an essential reference in Iberian freshwater phycology.
The aim of this paper is to make known this collection as well as to provide the necessary information to asses it adequately and to facilitate future typification of P. González's names.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Algae in González Guerrero's collection are preserved in liquid -formalin 4%-, in glass test tubes.These tubes are arranged in racks (Fig. 1).We have revised, restored, and fully databased this collection and all the tubes have been labelled adequately.Most of them do not have any identification, but bear adequate coll ection data.The records have been incorporated into MA-Algae databases and all the label details of the specimens are now available through the Internet at: http://www.rjb.csic.es/jardinbotanico/jardin/index.php?Cab=109&SubCab=204&len=en, http://datos.gbif.es/collectory/public/showDataResource/dr90, and http://www.gbif.org/dataset/83459d16-f762-11e1-a439-00145eb45e9a.
A review of González Guerrero's botanical works was carried out and scientific names including publication and type details where databased using the computer application Bibmaster (Pando & al., 2004).We have listed the names published by him in this paper.For each name, protologue -publication, type locality, and illustration details-are given, and figures are cited in this description.Type locality details have been literally transcribed.
Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 74(1): e048 2017.ISSN: 0211-1322.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ajbm.2433Protologue citation follows the TL-2 (Stafleu & Cowan, 1976-1985;Stafleu & Mennega, 1992-1998) and B-P-H (Lawrence & al., 1968;Bridson & Smith, 1991) abbreviations.When specimens which collection details matched those provided in the protologue have been found, their herbarium accession numbers have been included.These MA-Algae specimens constitute original material, most probably were used by González Guerrero in his original descriptions, and are therefore ideal material for lecto or epitypification purposes.In a few cases, dates shown on herbarium labels do not correspond exactly with those provided in the literature.In these instances, we discuss the possible cause of errors on tube labels or in publications.The list of published names is provided; we have included 3 names written on the herbarium labels but never published.

The collection
Currently, only 2155 specimens of the herbarium of the extinct Sección de Ficología remain preserved in formalin.The original collection was much larger, but it seems that a collapse in the old building, where the herbarium was kept, destroyed many tubes.Since the early 1970's, this collection has remained virtually untouched in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Garden of Madrid.The history of the herbarium was briefly recorded by Gallardo & al. (1993).
Most of the collection, 2003 specimens, was collected by P. González Guerrero between 1924 and 1974.Except for 15 tubes from Torrevieja -Alicante, Spain-and 7 tubes from Estoril -Portugal-, all the specimens are from a wide variety of continental water habitats -ri vers, marshes, ponds, soil, thermal waters, and even monuments and buildings-.Although most of the samples are from the Iberian Peninsula (Fig. 2), a few samples were collected in other places -Argentina, Greece, Morocco, and Norway-.On the Iberian specimens, Cádiz province is the most represented -822 tubes-.Other wellrepresented provinces are Madrid, Albacete, Ciudad Real, Badajoz, Granada, Huelva, Huesca, Lérida, Sevilla, Trasos-Montes, and Valencia.Regarding collectors, nearly all specimens were collected by González Guerrero, though Caballero, Cuatrecasas, Jordan de Urries, and Unamuno, among others, also collected some.
Only 92 tubes out of the total have identification down to the species level, being the usual case tubes with species mixtures with only indication of the better represented algae orders in the sample.
Among Gonzalez Guerrero's tubes, there are further 14 tubes containing sea algae collected by F. Miranda (1905Miranda ( -1964)), the most relevant Spanish phycologist of the first half of the 20 th century (Dosil, 2001).Most of Miranda's original collections are kept in MAF herbarium -Universidad Complutense, Madrid-.However, materials from his Ph.D. Dissertation (1926Dissertation ( -1928)), as well as those from his sojourn in France (1931), were missing (Valenzuela & Pérez-Cirera, 1982;Dosil, 2001).These authors mentioned that those materials might be kept either at the National Museum of Natural Sciences of Madrid or at the Royal Botanic Garden of Madrid.They looked for them unsuccessfully.The tubes mentioned above correspond to some of these missing specimens.

Algae Names published by González Guerrero
The following list comprises 70 cyanophytes, 28 chlorophytes, 4 xantophytes, 2 haptophytes, 1 crysophyte, and 1 dinoflagellate.When comparing the list with accounts and surveys of Iberian continental algae (Álvarez-Cobelas, 1984a(Álvarez-Cobelas, , 1984b;;Álvarez-Cobelas & Gallardo, 1986, 1988;Cambra & al., 1998), we observe that Gonzalez Guerrero's species are seldom cited, and their concept and circumscription problematic.We hope the information here presented to be an initial step for the clarification of these taxa and names, since the information available up to now, especially the illustrations, was often incomplete or too schematic to warrant solid taxonomic decisions.At the end of the list, 3 names found on the collection labels but never published are recorded.For each name protologue citation, original locality -ind.loc.-, and, in many cases, remarks about the name or a mention of the collection specimens which details match those of the protologue are included.We also uploaded to AlgaeBase (Guiry & Guiry, 2016) those González Guerrero's names validly published and gathered here.Their details are available for download from that platform.No taxonomic or identification work was carried out in the context of this paper.

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Remarks.-There are 48 specimens from Norway -August, 1951-, but none of them has indication of either "Isla de los Osos" or "Björnöya" localities.